The molecule is too large to cross the lining of the mouth without specialized formulation, and the only published study to test the question, in beagle dogs, found minimal absorption
The quality of the translation and the availability of a translator at the moment when I needed him 2
Photodamage, Texture, and Surface Topography Multi-week topical studies in photodamaged skin models reported improvements in laxity, clarity, and firmness metrics, with concurrent reductions in fine-line and coarse-wrinkle measures
This makes consistency easier, which is key for results
Kojic acid is not as good for active acne because it works mostly on dark spots, not acne
These mechanisms have been studied predominantly in in vitro cell culture models and animal research models